Лестер Туроу - Будущее капитализма

7. U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Money Income of Households, Families, and Persons in the United States, 1992, Current Population Reports, Consumer Income, Series P-60 (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1993), pp. 144, 146.

8. Ibid., p. 121.

9. George Psacharopoulos, "Returns to Education: A Further International Update and Implications, Journal of Human Resources, 1985, p. 583.

10. James M. Poterba, Government Intervention in the Markets for Education and Health Care: How and Why? NBER Working Paper No. 4916, 1995.

11. James M. Poterba and Lawrence H. Summers, «A CEO Survey of U. S. Companies' Time Horizons and Hurdle Rates,» Sloan Management Review, Fall 1995, p. 145.

12. Poterba, Government Intervention in the Markets for Education and Health Care.

13. Michael Prowse, Time to Separate School and State," Financial Times, March 13, 1995, p. 15.

14. Michael J. Piore, Beyond Individualism (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995), p. 77.

15. Peter Passel, The Wealth of Nations: A 'Greener' Approach Turns List Upside Down," New YorkTimes, September 19, 1995, p. C12.

16. Richard D. Bartel, «Editorial Perspective,» Challenge, January-February 1995, p. 3.

17. «Size of the Internet,» The Economist, April 15, 1995, p. 102.

18. Computer Science and Telecommunications Board and National Research Council, Realizing the Information Future: The Internet and Beyond (Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press, 1994), p. 2.

19. «A Survey of the Internet: The Accidental Superhighway,» The Economist, July 1, 1995, p. 13.

20. M. Ishaq Nadiri and Theofanis P. Mamuneas, Infrastructure and Public R amp;D Investments and the Growth of Factor Productivity in U. S. Manufacturing Industries, NBER Working Paper No. 4845, August 1994; Douglas Holtz-Eakin and Amy Ellen Schwartz, Infrastructure in a Structural Model of Growth, NBER Working Paper No. 4824, August 1994; Dean Baker and Todd Schafer, The Case for Public Investment (Washington, D. C.: Economic Policy Institute, 1995), pp. 4, 6, 9.

21. Robert Ford and Pierre Poret, Infrastructure and Private Sector Productivity, OECD Economic Studies No. 17, Autumn 1991, p. 63.

22. Baker and Schafer, The Case for PubKc Investment, pp. 4, 6, 9; Council of Competitiveness, «Charting Competitiveness,» Challenges, October 1995, p. 3.

23. Natalie Angler, «Science Mimics the Movies: Frankensteinian Fruit Fly Experiments Point to Master Gene for Eye Formation,» International Herald Tribune, March 25–26, 1995, p. 1.

24. John Holusha, The Risks for High Tech When Non-Techies Take Over," New York Times, September 5, 1993, p. F7; Gautam Naik, «Corporate Research: How Much Is It Worth? Top Labs Shift Research Goals to Fast Payoffs,» Wall Street Journal, May 22, 1995, p. Bl.

25. Malcolm W. Browne, «Prized Labs Shift to More Mundane Tasks,» New York Times, June 20, 1995, p. Cl.

26. Laura D'Andrea Tyson, Who's Bashing Whom? Trade Conflict in High-Technology Industries (Washington, D. C.: Institute for International Economics, 1992), p. 32.

27. Karen Southwick, «How Far Can Serendipity Carry Adobe?» Upside, September 1995, p. 48.

28. Marguerite de Angela, Book of Nursery and Mother Goose Rhymes (New York: Dou-bleday and Co., 1953), p. 137.

29. Ann Markusen and Michael Oden, «Investing in the Peace Dividend,» in T. Schafer, ed., Foundations for a New Century (Washington, D. C.: Economic Policy Insti-tute/M. E. Sharpe, forthcoming), p. 17.

30. Malcolm W. Browne, «Budget Cuts Seen by Science Group as Very Harmful for U. S. Research,» New York Times, August 29, 1995, p. Cl.

31. PhilipJ. Hilts, «U.S. Intends to Raise Science and Technology Spending, Gore Says,» New York Times, August 4, 1994, p. 19.

32. «Survey Defense Technology,» The Economist, June 10, 1995, p. 8; Carol Lessure, Defense Budget Project, President Clinton's Defense Transition Program, May 10, 1994, p. 8.

33. «Of Strategies, Subsidies, and Spillovers,» The Economist, March 18, 1995, p. 84.

34. Edward O. Wilson, «Is Humanity Suicidal?» New York Times Magazine, May 30, 1993, p. 25–26.

35. Barry Bosworth, Prospects for Saving and Investment in Industrial Countries, Brookings Discussion Papers No. 113, May 1995, p. 2.

36. Ibid., p. 4; Martin Wolf, The Costs of Low Savings," Financial Times, May 2, 1995, p. 20.

37. Bosworth, «Prospects for Saving and Investment,» pp. 8–9.

38. Ibid., appendix, table 1.

39. Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 1996, Historical Tables (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1995), p. 122; Council of Economic Advisers, Economic Report of the President 1995 (Washington, D. C.: Ul S. Government Printing Office, 1995), p. 274; U. S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1994 (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office), pp. 372, 607; Statistical Abstract 1979, p. 285; U. S. Department of Commerce, National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1959–1988 (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1992), p. 64; Richard Ruggles, «Accounting for Savings and Capital Formation in the United States, 1947–1991,» Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 1993, p. 11.

40. Robert Heilbroner and William Milberg, The Crisis of Vision in Modem Economic Thought (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995), p. 86.

41. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Policies for Long-Run Growth, 1992, p. 186.

42. Sylvia Nasar, «Older Americans Cited in Studies of National Savings Rate Slump,» New York Times, February 21, 1995, p. 1.

43. Edward C. Banfield, The Unheavenly City Revisited (Boston: Little, Brown, 1968), p. 53.

44. U. S. Department of Commerce, Long-Term Economic Growth 1960–1970 (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1973), pp. 222-25.

45. «French Finance Minister Resigns,» Boston Globe, August 26, 1995, p. 2.

46. Shlomo Maital and Sharone L. Maital, «Is the Future What It Used to Be? A Behavioral Theory of the Decline of Savings in the West,» Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol. 23, No. 1/2, 1994, p. 10.

47. Economic Report of the President 1986, pp. 282, 336, 338.

48. Economic Report of the President 1995, pp. 306, 362–363.

49. Council on Competitiveness, «Can Credit-Happy America Be Saved?» Challenges, February 1995, p. 1.

50. «How Washington Can Stop Its War on Savings,» Fortune, March 6, 1995, p. 133.

51. «Global 500,» Fortune, August 7, 1995, p. Fl.

52. Martin Feldstein, Too Little, Not Too Much," The Economist, June 24, 1995, p. 72.

53. Lester C. Thurow, The Zero-Sum Society, Chapter 5, «Environmental Problems» (New York: Basic Books, 1980), pp. 103–122; Lester C. Thurow, Head to Head, Chapter 7, «Festering Problems: Global Environmentalism» (New York: Morrow, 1992), p. 219.

54. Richard M. Coughlin, ed., Morality, Rationality, and Efficiency: New Perspectives in Socio-Economics (London: M. E. Sharpe, 1991), p. 5.

55. Ibid., p. 46.

56. Richard Thaler, Quasi Rational Economics (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1991), p. 77.

57. Piore, Beyond Individualism, pp. 137–138.

58. Fred Hirsh, Social Limits to Growth (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1976), pp. 143, 156.

59. Ibid., p. 137.

60. Bruno Dagens, Angkor: Heart of an Asian Empire (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1995); Dawn F. Rooney, Angkor (Chicago: Passport Books, 1994), p. 32.

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